This is to certify that the thesisdissertation prepared. Launching relevant policies requires a comprehensive understanding of potential economic values as well as environmental. Conductive polymeric binder for lithiumion battery anode by. According to the chemical reaction involved, rechargeable batteries can further be classified as leadacid, nickelmetal hydride, zincair, sodiumsulphur, nickelcadmium, lithium ion, liair batteries etc. Advances in lithium ion battery technology are creating possibilities for electric vehicles to compete with their gasoline counterparts for the first time. While lithium ion batteries libs have found wide applications in customer electronics, such as cellular phones and laptop computers, the performance of the currently libs does not meet the market requirements for massive energy storage, such as electric vehicles and smart grids. Currently, china, japan, and korea collectively host 88% of all lib cell and 79% of automotive lib cell manufacturing capacity. The drawback of licobalt is a relatively short life span, low thermal stability and limited load capabilities specific power. A thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy. The studies of rechargeable lithium sulfur lis batteries are included in this thesis. More importantly, lithiumion refers to the family of battery chemistry, as shown in table 2, which. The lithiumion battery industry for electric vehicles. Design and optimization of lithiumion batteries for electricvehicle applications by nansi xue a dissertation submitted in partial ful. View lithium ion battery research papers on academia.
Heat generation measurements of prismatic lithium ion batteries by kaiwei chen a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in ful lment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in mechanical engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 20 c. While lithiumion batteries libs have found wide applications in customer electronics, such as cellular phones and laptop computers, the performance of the currently libs does not meet the market requirements for massive energy storage, such as electric vehicles and smart grids. By 2011 lithium ion batteries accounted for 66% of all portable rechargeable batteries used in japan. A lattice of particles and holes representing intercalated lithium ions and vacancies in a host crystal. Development of a recycling process for liion batteries by. Analyzing the performance of lithiumion batteries for plug. Design of a lithium ion battery pack for 400 mph electric. Advances in lithium ion batteries introduction springerlink. Course of development of the lithiumion battery, and future. If you want to take your project portable youll need a battery pack. A thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy at. Heat generation measurements of prismatic lithium ion batteries. In recent years lithiumion battery as an alternate. Like other cobaltblended li ion, licobalt has a graphite anode that limits the cycle life by a changing solid electrolyte interface sei, thickening on the anode and lithium plating while fast charging and charging at low temperature.
Most of the advancements in this technology have been made with respect to the chemistry of the batterys active material. Design and optimization of lithiumion batteries for. Large, lightweight lithium ion batteries for new electric vehicles8 are set to be launched by over a dozen automobile manufacturers, including mercedes benz, bmw. Final copy phd thesis of tjpatey research collection eth zurich. However, with air condition ers those lifetimes went up by roughly 2 to 4 years depending on. Lithiumion batteries can store more energy per mass compared to nimh, and achieves high cell voltage of 3. The purpose of this thesis is to study the multiobjective optimization problems that could be applied. As an example, a known sample of limn2o4 was prepared in a working.
Advances in lithiumion battery technology are creating possibilities for electric vehicles to compete with their gasoline counterparts for the first time. Testing lithiumion batterieselectrochemical measurements. Multiobjective optimal design of lithiumion battery cells. Manufacturing capacity for lithiumion batteries libswhich power many consumer electronics and are increasingly used to power electric vehiclesis heavily concentrated in east asia. In the present work, 26650 liion batteries with lfp and nmc cathodes were evaluated for plugin hybrid electric vehicle phev applications, using the federal urban driving schedule fuds to discharge the batteries with 20 a current in simulated arizona, usa weather conditions 50. This dominance has only served to spur forward interest in extending the capabilities and applications of liion technology.
Comparative study of technoeconomics of lithiumion and lead. If you want to go rechargeable to save money and avoid waste, nimh batteries can often replace alkalines. Figure 1 shows a typical setup of a lithium ion battery and outlines the electrochemical process during discharging. Lithium ion batteries electrical energy is generated by conversion of chemical energy via redox reactions at the anode and cathode. No actual lithiumion batteries are intrinsically safe. A 300 w 5 v cell cycler consisting of a buck and a boost converter is designed. T which is the chemical potential of an intercalated.
Lithium ion battery modeling for electric vehicles and regenerative cell testing platform andishe moshirvaziri master of applied science graduate department of electrical and computer engineering university of toronto 20 electric vehicles evs have gained acceptance as low or zero emission means of transportation. The inside story of the lithium ion battery john dunning, research scholar in residence daniel forbes, graduate student electrical engineering. Design of a lithium ion battery pack for 400 mph electric landspeed racing thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with distinction by david w. Currently, lithium ion batteries are the solution of choice for hybrid and electric vehicles due to the high energy density and long life cycle 4. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Specific power is the maximum power available per unit mass, and determines battery weight for a given power target. Lithium ion batteries have longer cycles, which are shown in table 1. Lithiumion battery modeling for electric vehicles and. Analyzing the performance of lithiumion batteries for. Liion batteries power electronic devices from cell phones to sports cars, and have become the standard for high power and high energy battery applications. Oxide nanoparticles for electrodes in lithiumion batteries. No poison elements such as hg, cd, pb are used in lithium ion batteries. Lithiumbased batteries have taken several strides in development since the first commercial lithiumion liion batteries were put on the market by sony corporation in 1990 2.
Demand for lithium is rising friends of the earth europe. This dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the. Like other cobaltblended liion, licobalt has a graphite anode that limits the cycle life by a changing solid electrolyte interface sei, thickening on the anode and lithium plating while fast charging and charging at low temperature. In the first part of this thesis, a linear sweep voltammetry method to study polysulfide transport through separators is presented. Lithium ion rechargeable batteries technical handbook. As technology has advanced cost has come down, as can be seen in figure 2 cost of lithium ion batteries has plummeted as energy density has steadily increased. Delft university of technology probing liion transport in. These issues, especially that of safety, become more severe as the cell sizes increase to that required to run vehicles 5. Liion battery technology stands as a forerunner and market leader when compared to the other possible energy systems.
Introduction electrical energy powers our lives, whenever and wherever we need it, and can now be accessed. Liion battery technology stands as a forerunner and market leader when. Design and optimization of lithiumion batteries for electric. A novel regenerative cell testing platform is developed for cell cycling applications. In the past decade, one could see great advances in the life span, cost, performance, specific energy, and specific power of batteries. Lithiumion battery modeling for electric vehicles and regenerative cell testing platform andishe moshirvaziri master of applied science graduate department of electrical and computer engineering university of toronto 20 electric vehicles evs have gained acceptance as low or zero emission means of transportation. The team currently holds all of the national and international records in the unlimited weight class for electric vehicles for both battery and fuel cell power sources. Stanley whittingham, and akira yoshino the nobel prize in chemistry 2019, for the development of lithiumion batteries. Stanley whittingham, and akira yoshino the nobel prize in chemistry 2019, for the development of lithium ion batteries. Other examples are nickel cadmium nicd, nickel metal hydride nimh, or lithium ion batteries.
There is an intense, worldwide effort to develop durable lithium ion batteries with high energy and power. Among the various rechargeable batteries aforementioned, rechargeable. Delivering high power and energy density, lack of memory e. The main motivation for using this li ion battery technology is the fact that lithium is the. Heat generation measurements of prismatic lithium ion batteries by kaiwei chen a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in ful lment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in mechanical engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 20 c kaiwei chen 20. Lithiumion batteries for electricvehicle application. Each of these records is in excess of 300 miles per hour and still stand as of 2012. Taehoon kim, a wentao song, a daeyong son, a luis k. By 2011 lithiumion batteries accounted for 66% of all portable rechargeable batteries used in japan. Furthermore, a novel battery modeling approach is proposed to accurately predict the. Professor giorgio rizzoni, advisor professor yann guezennec. Specific energy is the nominal battery energy per unit mass which. Innovation can occur via new material development, or by better engineering.
As technology has advanced cost has come down, as can be seen in figure 2 cost of lithiumion batteries has plummeted as energy density has steadily increased. Charge and discharge characterization of lithiumion. The electrodes are zinc and carbon, with an acidic paste between them that serves as the electrolyte. Status, prospects and future article pdf available in journal of power sources 1959. Cooke undergraduate program in mechanical engineering the ohio state university 2012 examination committee. Mar 22, 2018 all batteries use this same basic configuration anode, cathode and electrolyte lithium batteries and lithium ion batteries are different lithium batteries use lithium metal anodes usually nonrechargeable lithium ion batteries use graphite or other material. Solid electrolyte materials, especially lithium thiophosphate. Lithium ion batteries the royal swedish academy of sciences has decided to award john b. But to our knowledge, the application of multiobjective optimization in this process has not been well discussed. The development of nanomaterials for high performance lithium ion. Fabricate half cells of lithium iron phosphate coin cell using cathode materials harvested from a123 cells to study the charge and discharge behavior. New materials for lithiumion batteries opus wurzburg. This thesis deals with the stateoftheart technique of lithiumion batteries.
The electrothermal characterization of liion batteries is today a forefront topic, due to the recent interest in electric vehicles evs, plugin electric vehicles. Heat generation measurements of prismatic lithium ion. The full order model is compared with the results in the works of smith and wang 2006, solidstate diffusion limitations on pulse operation of a lithiumion cell for hybrid electric vehicles. Latter one is currently in the focus of research as it is the battery of choice for the automotive market. However, many challenges remain, the most important of which is cost. The electrodes are zinc and carbon, with an acidic paste between them that serves as. For a traditional li ion battery, the component are a graphite negative electrode anode, a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte, and a positive electrode cathode, typically a kind of lithium metal oxides lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide or lithium iron phosphate. Classification of batteries and the positioning of the lib aqueous electrolyte battery nonaqueous electrolyte battery high energy, high capacity, high voltage primary battery manganese dry cell alkaline dry cell metallic lithium battery secondary battery leadacid battery, nicd battery, nimh battery lithium ion battery.
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